Friday of the future: about fake Tim Cook and cryptocurrency, about photos of cats and online diagnoses

Greetings! Of course, the main event of this week was the presentation of Apple. And we're on Future Friday too

Let's talk about it, but from an unexpected angle.

Table of Contents

• Fake Apple Presentations
• Cybersecurity from the European Parliament
• Touch screen remote control
• Stopping the LHC to save electricity
• Drone test site in Russia
• Photos of cats instead of photos of children
• AI taught deduction
• Accuracy of online medical diagnoses
• 3D printing from Martian dust
• Bad news undermines health

Fake Apple Presentations

While hundreds of thousands watchedpresentation of a new generation of Apple products, several tens of thousands of viewers became victims of fraudsters who, with the help of simple manipulations, organized their broadcast of the event. And for some, it looked even cooler than the real one, although no new AirPods and iPhones were shown. But the “presentation” was attended by Elon Musk, who, together with Tim Cook, talked about the prospects for cryptocurrencies. Of course, not just like that. The YouTube broadcast was littered with links to questionable crypto sites. It is worth noting that the scammers have not yet fully used the available technologies, but have managed with old interviews of Tim Cook and Elon Musk, and in one case, Tim Cook and Jack Dorsey (the former head of Twitter *) ended up in the studio, although the signature promised what to talk there will be Elon Musk and CEO of Apple, and the conversation will be about the metaverses. To increase trust, the Etherium and Bitcoin logos were placed. The fact that the conversation itself took place back in 2018 and the wrong people on the screen did not bother as many as 10,000 viewers. Another "live broadcast" was watched by up to 70 thousand people. Currently, recordings of these broadcasts from YouTube have been removed, but Google has refrained from commenting, plus there is not even a rough estimate of the damage caused.

Image from The Verge website

Cybersecurity from the European Parliament

As can be seen from the previous paragraph, inCybersecurity is based primarily on the critical thinking of the user himself. After all, it was not difficult for attackers to bypass YouTube's security tools, and no advanced technologies like deepfakes, etc. were used for fakes. However, at least some of the threats can be eliminated at the technical level, and manufacturers of any electronics that have the ability to connect to the Internet should do this. In any case, this is what the European Commission thinks, and as early as next week this opinion may turn into a legislative act. An initiative called the Cyber ​​Resilience Act should be a guarantee that devices are protected from hacker attacks. According to it, manufacturers will have to take responsibility for bringing their equipment and software in line with certain standards, as well as apply special markings to everything. The exception is open source software without commercial use. In case of non-compliance with these requirements, violators will face fines of up to 15 million euros or up to 2.5% of turnover (whichever is higher). There is an option of “less serious violations”, for which up to 10 million euros or 2% of turnover is provided. Also, in case of non-compliance of goods with the requirements of the Cyber ​​Resilience Act, they will be banned from sale and completely withdrawn from the EU market. For incorrect marking - 5 million euros or 1% of turnover. The costs to producers are estimated by the European Commission at least 29 billion euros, but the losses from lack of protection, which are supposed to be prevented in this way, amount to 180-290 billion euros annually. In general, according to the EC, cyber attacks cost 6 trillion euros per year.

Image from The Wall Street Journal website

Touch screen remote control

The fact that cybersecurity should not be neglectedshould be reminded once again at the USENIX 2022 conference. In particular, representatives of Zhejiang University showed another potential vulnerability in smartphones, which, oddly enough, lies in their screen. The device on display at the exhibition called GhostTouch can simulate remote touches. Let's say right away that at the moment you should not worry about the fact that some attackers will take its counterparts into service tomorrow. While the device is quite bulky and works only at a distance of up to 4 cm from the screen. However, the potential threat is very high, since modern smartphones do not have any protection from it, and the device can be located discreetly, for example, under the tabletop. The vulnerability itself lies in the design and operation of the capacitive touch screen. Radiation with a frequency of 46 MHz can cause false positives of the touch panel, so if you turn it on at the time of scanning at a given point on the screen, the smartphone will take this action for a real press. In this way, any touch can be simulated, including swipes and other gestures, which gives attackers many potential scenarios for exploiting the vulnerability.

Image from the USENIX website

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Stopping the LHC to save electricity

In addition to cybersecurity, the EU hasThere is also a problem with energy security. The restrictions previously announced by various countries related to the rise in fuel prices and the lack of gas supplies from Russia also affected Switzerland. But if ordinary residents are offered just not to heat their houses to temperatures above 19 degrees next winter, then difficult times may come for the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). The Large Hadron Collider consumes a large amount of electricity, which has already risen in price, so that previously planned research budgets clearly do not correspond to current reality. But the real problem of the LHC may not be the high cost of electricity. Difficulty may arise with the stability of its supply. The Swiss authorities are counting on avoiding power outages in the region where the LHC is located, but CERN is considering shutting down its accelerators during peak power consumption in the winter just in case. Interrupted studies will of course lead to some losses, but they are not comparable with the potential failure of the entire installation worth 4.4 billion euros, and such an option is quite likely in case of a sudden shutdown.

Image from The Wall Street Journal website

Drone test site in Russia

In Russia, about saving electricity due tothere is no question of a lack of gas, but we plan to deal with standardization. Including such an important thing as various flying drones. In the near future, the first test site in Russia for testing unmanned aerial systems (UAS) will start operating. This is not at all about some kind of military installation, but about creating an opportunity for Russian start-ups and private enterprises to develop UAS, which can then be legally tested and certified. The BAS Polygon project consists of a digital platform and a flight test site. The software and hardware complex will allow developing a unified testing methodology, as well as quickly assessing the prototype for compliance with airworthiness standards. It will be possible to carry out demonstration flights and conduct tests at the flight site. The complex is located 160 km from Moscow at the Orlovka airfield. The exact timing of the commissioning of the facility has not yet been called.

Image from the Izvestia website

Photos of cats instead of photos of children

It's no secret that one of the mainThe purpose of the Internet and mobile photography is to distribute photos of cats. But until now, it never occurred to anyone to compare the number of photos of pets and other pictures. The flaw was corrected, in the United States they conducted a study of the behavior of owners of cats and dogs, which gave a very unexpected result. Only 27% of respondents said they have more photos of their children than furry pets. And only 16% have more photos of their partner than a four-legged pet. At the same time, on average, one owner has more than 400 photos of a pet per year. Which, in general, is not surprising, given that, according to a third of those surveyed, they treat them like royalty, and a quarter leave parties for them and kiss with them. Vacation photos can also go under the “photos with a pet” column, since 79% do not part with them on trips.

Image from Study Finds

AI taught deduction

Another skill appeared in the artificialintellect. A group of scientists from Germany achieved the development of the deductive method by the neural network and taught it to substantiate its conclusions. Usually, artificial intelligence goes in an inductive way - using the data loaded for training, it goes from the particular to the general, forms a certain general model, on the basis of which it analyzes or makes predictions. Scientists at the Ruhr University of Bochum went the other way, training the neural network in an alternative way: it classifies the image (sample) inductively, and then, based on deduction, gives its model. This solves an important problem encountered in the work of AI. Because neural networks are not always designed to keep track of the factors that are inductively chosen for training, the result is a learning error when the neural network draws incorrect conclusions. The neural network does not have any algorithms that would explain the reason for choosing one or another answer with inductive logic. In Bochum, they managed to create an AI that not only classifies photographs of cancerous tumors, but can also “explain” its choice. This solution is not only important for the development of neural networks, but also gives scientists the possibility of faster and more accurate detection of diseases, which can be tested and which is more trustworthy than a “black box” machine.

Image from ScienceDirect

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Accuracy of online medical diagnoses

Telemedicine is still perceived by manyonly on a slightly more serious level than self-treatment with the help of Wikipedia and Kashpirovsky's TV appearances. However, a study conducted at the Mayo Clinic (USA) showed that remote diagnosis of diseases by doctors has a fairly high accuracy. The study covered 2,400 patients of the clinic, who were scattered throughout the United States and received a medical examination in the format of an online consultation. Initially, they were consulted remotely, and then for no more than 90 days they visited a doctor of the same specialty offline. A preliminary diagnosis made online was confirmed on average in 87% of cases. At the same time, different experts demonstrated different indicators of accuracy. Psychiatrists turned out to be the most “remotely competent” - 96% of cases, but otolaryngologists were the most difficult to correctly identify the disease, although they also have quite a decent 77.3% of the diagnosis match. The study also notes that, in general, narrow specialists remotely diagnose more accurately than therapists. Although the authors of the paper point out that telemedicine cannot completely replace the traditional trip to the clinic, the diagnostic accuracy is quite sufficient for preliminary conclusions and can be used in emergency situations, such as the one that developed during the lockdown due to covid.

Image from the JAMA Network website

3D printing from Martian dust

Humanity continues quite confidentlymove in the direction of creating technologies that will help colonize Mars. In the last issue of Future Friday, I wrote about a solution to the agricultural problem, and now it's time to talk about solving the construction problem. It is clear that it is not only difficult, but also pointless to bring everything necessary for construction to another planet, since many materials are not so complex that they cannot be created on the spot. But the Martian regolith is not the mineral that humanity uses every day in construction. However, when building a base on Mars, he will certainly go into action. One of the possible options for its use was proposed by scientists from the University of Washington. They mixed artificial Martian soil with a titanium alloy to see if it could be 3D printed. The resulting mixture was heated up to 2 thousand degrees, after which the formation of the model began on the moving platform. As it was found out, the soil in its pure form is not suitable for such a task - the products will be too fragile. But if you add a little “local” dust to it, then the strength will increase significantly. It was also found that products with a large amount of regolith can be used to protect equipment from radiation and rust.

Image from The American Ceramic Society website

Bad news undermines health

And finally - bad news for fansbad news. The fact that doomscrolling (senseless scrolling through the news feed in search of negativity) does not lead to anything good, except for depression, scientists have already warned. But a study from Texas Tech University suggests that if it's caused by negative news cravings, then it's worth taking care of your health. And not only mentally. 16.5% of respondents noted that when they received bad news (from social networks, media, TV or any other source), they immediately began to feel stressed or feel worse. At the same time, the more negative information the respondent received, the greater was his desire to further absorb such information flow, search for messages that cause anxiety and fear. This suggests that negative news causes people to become “hyper-excitable”, which in turn worsens not only mental but also physical health, since chronic tension in response to stressful situations can have serious physical consequences, including illness. When analyzing the state of doomscrollers, it turned out that 74% have mental health problems, and 61% have physical ones. And those among the respondents were 16.5% of respondents, and another 27.3% turned out to be "moderately problematic." Only one advice suggests itself - if you "read the newspapers", then do not get hung up on negative news.

*Meta Platforms, which includes the social networks Facebook and Instagram, has been recognized as an extremist organization and banned in the Russian Federation.

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