Mobile communication and the Moscow metro, cellular communication against Wi-Fi

Hello.

The Moscow metro became available for cellular communication rather late, initially it

developed Wi-Fi from “MaximaTelecom”, and inhauls between stations there was no alternative for him. But then all operators began to enter the subway, the quality of communication and speed improved, in addition to the vestibules and halls of the stations, communication appeared in hauls. Subjectively, the speed grew quite quickly, and in order to assess the changes, let's turn to the December study of Telecom Daily, which takes place annually. The repeatability of work is interesting in that it allows you to evaluate changes in speed. In December 2022, the average speed for all operators (download) was 74 Mbps, a year earlier - 37.2 Mbps. As you can see, the development of networks continues, it has not disappeared anywhere in 2022, despite the crisis and the lack of mass supplies of equipment.

In 2022, in the metro, Beeline modernizedand expanded the capabilities of its network due to additional frequency capacity - L900. The company's technical specialists put 237 new base stations on the air, which gave a significant increase in speed. Let's take a look at speed in tunnels.

Quote from the study:“So, in terms of average speed to the subscriber (the main indicator during measurements), Beeline is in first place - 100 Mbps (60 Mbps - in December 2021). MegaFon and MTS demonstrate approximately equal speeds - 90.1 Mbps (39.5 a year earlier) and 89.5 Mbps (38.5), respectively. Thus, both networks improved their speed characteristics by more than 100% over the year. Like last year, they are followed by MaximaTelecom's Wi-Fi network at 58.2 Mbps (36 Mbps a year ago). In this case, the improvement is also noticeable - more than 50% year on year. At Tele2, the average speed in tunnels increased to 31.3 Mbps against 12.2 Mbps a year earlier, that is, the operator accelerated almost three times.”

Let's take a look at the speed from the user (upload).

Quote from the study:“Beeline’s average Upload also increased and amounted to 32.7 Mbps (19 - a year earlier), MTS — 20 Mbps (13 Mbps), MegaFon — 18.3 Mbps ( 12.6 Mbps), Tele2 has 7.5 Mbps (4.2 Mbps)”.

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A significant parameter is the continuity of the connection, that is, the absence of breaks during movement. Agree that in some cases it is important.

Beeline has 92%, MTS has 91.5%, MegaFon has 91.3%, Tele2 has 83%, MaximaTelecom has 80.1%.

Data on the speed of the Internet at the stations looks like this.

The speed at the stations has increased, and it is significant thatmakes the metro comfortable for downloading various content. I can say that I often use a life hack - I go down to the metro ring line, since here are the maximum speeds, at the stations you can get 200-300 Mbps. Of course, it all depends on the model of your smartphone, as well as the priority that the SIM card has. But the subway is an ideal place for cellular communication, everything depends on the quality of transport, frequency aggregation. No rain, bad weather, no other buildings, and so on - mobile network planning is as simple as possible. Plus, you can roughly predict the flow depending on the time of day, it changes plus or minus the same way, which allows you to build networks for loading.

Quality coverage for operatorsthe subway is important not in terms of voice calls, they are certainly significant for those who meet in the subway or are in a hurry somewhere. The importance of communication in the subway is precisely as a mobile Internet for "heavy" subscribers. People who spend 30-40 minutes on a one-way trip often download videos, watch new episodes of series, listen to podcasts or music. And the ability to give them this content in the subway greatly reduces the load on networks outside the subway, makes cells free (this does not affect transport so much). That is, high speed in the subway gives more opportunities to networks outside the subway, and this is a very interesting model that allows you to carefully plan cellular networks.

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