General

Friday of the future: about space problems and about smartphone construction from Elon Musk

Greetings! This issue of "Friday of the Future" unexpectedly turned out to be sublimely cosmic, because last

week Russia spent the last satellite fromof the Glonass-M ground reserve, Chinese scientists said that Starlink satellites violate space traffic rules, and members of the International Astronomical Union argue that satellites are generally evil because they interfere with observing space bodies. China has tested its first reusable rocket engine and completed the largest radio telescope. Satellites will not interfere with his observation of solar flares. It would be possible to make the entire issue about space, if our all futuristic technologies Elon Musk had not expressed his strong opinion about the future of smartphones, AMD had not reminded that Moore's law still works and will not lose relevance in the coming years, and Chinese the authorities and the leadership of the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant would not upset Greta Thunberg with their completely ungreen plans. But all this fades against the background of the fact that in the United States, scientists have already created a wormhole and are actively using it for teleportation. However, the latest news has one nuance, so first things first.

Table of Contents

  • Elon Musk enters smartphone industry
  • Moore's Law has 6-8 years left
  • China cancels incentives for green cars
  • ZMZ may return production of naturally aspirated V8s
  • Last Glonass-M satellite in orbit
  • Starlink satellites violate space flight rules
  • Artificial Earth satellites interfere with astronomers
  • Solar flares will be monitored closely
  • China tests reusable rocket engine
  • Scientists have created a wormhole and are already mastering teleportation

Elon Musk enters smartphone industry

If Pushkin is our everything in the field of poetry, then ElonMusk is our everything in technology. It does not matter that one of them did not come up with the Russian language, and the other did not come up with a single new technology. It is important that literally any phrase of the Mask spreads over the Internet with the speed and force of the shock wave from a thermonuclear bomb. Therefore, I cannot help but start this issue with news from Musk, especially since they directly relate to the mobile phone market. First, the businessman responded radically to calls to remove his recent acquisition, Twitter, from the Google Play and Apple AppStore app stores. Musk will not fight for the right to keep the application - he will simply create his own phone. Given his temperament and condition, such a statement does not look like a crazy project, but a starting point for an undertaking.

Second, according to Bloomberg,Elon Musk-owned neurotech company Neuralink is working on the idea of ​​implanting an electronic chip into the body in order to allow a person to control the operation of a smartphone or computer hands-free. Such plans can be implemented within the next six months. It became known that negotiations with representatives of the US Food and Drug Administration were successful and the first tests on volunteers can take place within 6 months. At the moment, Neuralink is working on improving the product, which consists of a chip with electrodes and the actual surgical robot that will implant the device into the human brain. One of the stated goals is to help people who have had a stroke to communicate with the outside world using a computer.

Moore's Law has 6-8 years left

One of the founders of Intel Gordon Moore back in 1965In 1997, he deduced from empirical observations a pattern according to which the density of transistors on an integrated circuit should double every two years. This progression was called "Moore's law", and it continues to work to this day, although its creator himself stated back in 2007 that, due to the atomic nature of matter and the limitations of the speed of light, the law should cease to operate in the coming years. But exactly when is still a matter of controversy between scientists and engineers. The last public dispute broke out last fall between representatives of Intel and AMD. Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger said that Moore's law still works, while representatives from Nvidia and AMD argued that exponential growth had already stopped. But AMD has changed its point of view. The company's chief technology officer, Mark Papermaster, now says the law "will work great" for another 6 to 8 years. And previous statements that the pattern is no longer observed are due to the fact that they like to include in the interpretation of the law the preservation of the same cost of producing the scheme. The latter is not possible as design costs increase and the complexity required to maintain the principle of increasing productivity and reducing power consumption only increases. But look how fast our new chipsets are!

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China cancels incentives for green cars

Chinese authorities from December 31 this yearchange the policy of encouraging buyers of cars on new energy sources, which include electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid cars. From now on, buyers of such cars will not receive subsidies from the state when buying new cars. The subsidy policy has been carried out in China for 13 years. These policies, as well as various measures to restrict the movement of internal combustion engine vehicles, have led to a boom in sales of new energy vehicles in China, making the Chinese market the world's largest consumer of such vehicles. The maximum subsidy for cars with a range of up to 400 kilometers was 12,600 yuan ($1,745). A number of manufacturers, including China's new energy vehicle market leader BYD, are expected to raise selling prices for their vehicles, which could range from 2,000 yuan to 6,000 yuan. The increase in prices is associated with an increase in the cost of raw materials and materials for the production of batteries. Thus, the market for new energy cars is moving into a state of natural demand and will compete with hydrocarbon fueled cars without additional help.

ZMZ may return production of naturally aspirated V8s

If China considered that electric vehicleshave reached a sufficient level of development and popularity to compete with ICE cars without additional incentives, even more cruel news comes for Russian supporters of the “greening” of transport. Just a year ago, the Zavolzhsky Engine Building Plant removed the ZMZ 520 series engines from the assembly line. This 4.67-liter V-shaped 8-cylinder gasoline engine was first put into production back in 1963 under the name ZMZ-53. Of course, since then it has been repeatedly modernized and at the end of its almost 60-year production life it even acquired a distributed injection system. True, the maximum power remained within 138 hp, and the level of fuel efficiency corresponded to the indicators of the last century, so that in the pre-sanctions era, even the price of 250 thousand rubles (more modern analogues cost at least twice as much) could no longer save the dinosaur. The lowering of environmental requirements, problems with foreign spare parts led to the fact that the management of the plant at the end of 2022 decided to ask if there were customers for this motor. And if there is demand (and buyers of PAZ buses preferred just such motors until the end of their production), then the model can be returned to the conveyor.

Last Glonass-M satellite in orbit

November 28, 2022 the last satellite of the seriesGlonass-M has left the Earth and is already in the target orbit. A stable telemetric connection was established with it, and it was given the name "Cosmos-2564". A year earlier, the TASS news agency reported that the last Glonass-M satellite from the ground reserve had been removed from storage and was being prepared for launch into space. Now it is already at the stage of entering into the system and will become the 16th operating point. And in early November, the GLONASS-M apparatus No. 735 was withdrawn from the GLONASS orbital constellation. In total, the group now has 26 devices, 22 of them are used for their intended purpose, two are at the stage of entering the system, one is in reserve, and one more is at the stage of flight tests. The exhaustion of the GLONASS-M series satellites means that from next year the satellite constellation of the GLONASS navigation system will be replenished exclusively with new series satellites. Glonass-M satellites belonged to the second generation, and their production was completed in 2015. They will now be replaced by the third-generation satellites Glonass-K and Glonass-K2, which are distinguished by their active life of 10 years (against 7 years for Glonass-M), reduced weight, leaky design and a number of other features, among which can be distinguished completely Russian production and increased accuracy of the transmitted coordinates.

And back to Elon Musk.Chinese scientists and engineers again have a claim to Starlink satellites. If last year their dissatisfaction was caused by the “dangerous approach” of one of them with the Chinese orbital station Tiangong, now the flights of the satellites themselves are causing dissatisfaction. So far, Chinese experts have asked the US authorities to deal with the violation on their own in order to avoid last year's situation, when the proceedings reached the UN. The essence of the claim is that a pair of the latest Starlink satellites, which were launched at the end of June this year, are only 3 miles (4.9 km) apart. At the same time, Chinese experts recall that the generally recognized, although nowhere fixed in the treaties, distance of a safe distance between space objects is a value of 10 km (6.2 miles). Its non-compliance potentially threatens with "dangerous consequences". At the same time, it is emphasized that the choice of a distance less than the minimum recommended for the safety of SpaceX space traffic was not made by chance. The latest Starlink satellites communicate with each other by laser for data transmission, and the closer the distance between them, the better this communication will be.

Image from South China Morning Post website

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Artificial Earth satellites interfere with astronomers

If Chinese specialists have a claim only tospecific Starlink satellites, the International Astronomical Union is dissatisfied with the appearance of all new artificial Earth satellites in general. Numerous launches of spacecraft, which are carried out by various companies and states for a wide variety of purposes, interfere with observations of the stars. Satellites create strong interference in the visual and radio ranges, which negatively affects scientific research, so this is not at all a problem for amateur astronomers who can now admire the achievements of the earth's industry instead of celestial bodies. More specifically, the BlueWalker 3 satellite from AST SpaceMobile caused a special uproar. This device is the prototype of a large series of satellites designed to provide a global communications network. That's just so far he has managed to become one of the brightest objects in the sky, and his work creates interference in the radio range, affecting the operation of radio telescopes. The verdict of astronomers regarding such satellite models is harsh: take into account their interests and apply an anti-reflective coating on spacecraft or completely refuse to launch satellites that do not take into account space exploration programs from Earth.

Trail from Blue Walker 3. Image from the website of the International Astronomical Union

Solar flares will be monitored closely

And now about those who suffer from interference inducedcommunication satellites. The world's largest solar radio telescope DSRT (Daocheng Solar Radio Telescope) has been completed in China. It became the largest specialized radio telescope for observing the Sun. On the Sichuan Plateau, a system of 313 six-meter antennas was built, arranged in a circle with a diameter of 3.14 km. The task of DSRT is to observe and study coronal flares, mass ejections and charged particles, as well as assess the impact of solar activity on our planet and make space weather forecasts. The latter, by the way, is extremely important for the same space communication manufacturing companies, which, due to incorrect or insufficiently accurate space weather forecasts, can not only lose the quality of the service they provide, but literally lose spacecraft. At the moment, the DSRT telescope is in the stage of final adjustment and verification, and the first studies on it are planned to begin in June 2023.

Image from Naked Science

China tests reusable rocket engine

And the last "space" news for todayalso associated with China. The Celestial Empire has begun concrete steps to implement projects for the creation of reusable rockets. According to the current plans of the Chinese aerospace industry, the first stage of preparations for a flight to the moon should be completed by 2026. Including the reusable rocket "Changzheng-5G" was built. New YF-100N engines should be used for its first stage and boosters. Their thrust should be 130 tons, and in total for the first stage and two accelerators, seven such engines will be required. And these engines must be reusable (withstanding up to 10 launches), thus becoming the basis of not only the Chinese lunar program, but also reusable rocket science. According to Chinese media, the first YF-100N engine successfully passed ground tests last week. So far, everything is going according to plan for the Chinese (in fairness, we note that this is a very conditional concept, since the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation changes them almost every year), according to which, already in 2027, the first Changjeng-5G rocket (aka “ Long March - 5G") with a payload of at least 27 tons should go to the moon.

Scientists have created a wormhole and are already mastering teleportation

Okay, okay, the title is missing onlyadditions that the case took place on Mars, and the portal that opened led the researchers straight to Hell. Although, to be honest, the joke about Doom is not accidental here, since we are talking about the fact that everything happened inside the computer. True, not the one on which you can play the classic shooter "kill-them-all". A group of scientists in the US decided that before (and it is not clear how) to open wormholes in real space, it would be a good idea to study their features in virtuality. To do this, they created a program that, when run on a quantum computer, creates a holographic wormhole, focusing on our theoretical knowledge about such phenomena. This is necessary to test the possibility of transferring information from one outer region of a black hole to another via the so-called. Einstein-Rosen bridge. According to modern ideas of scientists, there is quantum entanglement between the two outer regions of one black hole, and if you make them interact, then at least information can be transmitted through this wormhole. And according to the most optimistic and fantastic assumptions, it will be a real teleportation. The quantum computer in this study was divided into two halves, each of which was a holographic copy of the outer part of the black hole, and between them was a wormhole with quantum entanglement. Studies have shown that messages sent through one half appear decrypted in the second. This lays the foundation for further research to test the theory of quantum gravity. True, so far everything exists exclusively in a virtual form based on mathematical models.

Image courtesy of Involta

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